One of the key tasks of the post-war reconstruction of Ukrainian territorial communities is the modernization of traffic control. This is driven by the need to address a range of peacetime transport challenges that have been compounded by the consequences of armed aggression: destroyed infrastructure, disrupted logistics and resource shortages. Effective traffic control management requires the use of advanced information technologies that support rapid, high-quality managerial decision-making in critical situations, including during periods of armed aggression. Within the framework of traffic control modernization, this necessitates the concurrent modernization of the traffic control management system itself, in terms of its capability to deploy and operate these technologies. However, the modernization of traffic control is a complex socio-technical project characterized by high uncertainty and risks, the likelihood of which increases significantly under martial law and conditions of armed aggression, potentially leading to schedule overruns and suboptimal decisions related to the implementation of traffic control modernization. Therefore, the substantiated selection of a project management methodology that systematically takes into account the specific features of managing projects for modernizing traffic control management systems in territorial communities under the conditions of Ukraine’s post-war recovery is of critical importance. The purpose of the paper is to analyse existing methodologies and substantiate the choice of one that reflects the specific nature of traffic control modernization projects in a post-war reconstruction context. The literature review demonstrates a shift towards hybrid and syncretic models that combine predictive (“hard”) and agile (“flexible”) approaches. Given the infrastructural and information-intensive nature of traffic control modernization projects, the application of a syncretic approach is justified. A Waterfall–Scrumban hybrid methodology is proposed. It applies the traditional Waterfall model to stages with well-defined requirements (analysis, design and approval), while the agile Scrumban framework (a convergence of Scrum and Kanban) is used for the iterative implementation, testing and integration of digital modules that require adaptability. This combination structures innovation, enables adaptation to evolving security conditions and enhances overall controllability of the project. The model also establishes a multi-level risk management system: Waterfall supports strategic planning, whereas Scrumban is responsible for tactical monitoring and response. The proposed approach enables the effective integration of physical infrastructure deployment with the rollout of digital innovations. Its key advantage lies in its capacity to respond appropriately to the challenges and threats of martial law and post-war reconstruction, thereby ensuring the effectiveness, resilience and transparency of the projects.